Progress in research on environmental driving mechanism of the distribution pattern of arid desert ecosystem

Researchers such as Liu Jiliang and Li Fengrui of the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have made important progress in the study of the relationship between the distribution of ground beetle communities and microhabitats in desert shrub patches in the middle reaches of the Heihe River. This study will further study the environmental driving mechanism of soil animal community distribution patterns in arid desert ecosystems, further analyze the spatial distribution patterns and succession laws of soil animal communities under the influence of climate change and human activities, and predict The change of soil biodiversity caused by the degradation of clump plaque microhabitat has important scientific significance.

The researchers introduced that in arid desert ecosystems, shrub patches are the most basic unit of natural ecological landscape. The pattern of shrub patches can have an important impact on the distribution, composition and structure of soil animal communities through different pathways or mechanisms. On the one hand, changes in the micro-habitat of shrub patches can directly affect the choice of adult beetles for spawning sites and habitats, as well as the growth and development of their larvae, thereby affecting the structure, composition and diversity of beetle communities. On the other hand, the structure of shrub patches and the different types of shrubs also affect the distribution, composition and diversity of soil animal communities to a certain extent. Recent studies have shown that the more complex the shrub patch structure and the greater the spatial heterogeneity, the more conducive to the formation and maintenance of higher soil animal diversity in the patch. The main reason is that it is different from the simple structure and spatial heterogeneity. Compared with less dense shrub patches, shrub patches with complex structure and greater spatial heterogeneity can provide a more favorable niche for the coexistence of various soil animals.

The researchers of the institute used multiple regression analysis and RDA community ranking analysis to quantitatively study the relationship between beetle community distribution and microhabitat factors and their seasonal variation characteristics. Studies have shown that there is a significant relationship between the distribution of the number of beetle communities and the content of soil coarse sand, medium fine sand and slime particles. The three factors explain 21% of the variation in beetle communities. The study also shows that the number distribution of beetle communities has a significant relationship with the average daily ground temperature and soil water content in spring, but has no significant relationship with the average daily ground temperature and soil water content in summer and autumn. RDA community sorting analysis showed that soil coarse sand content, medium and fine sand content, surface temperature and underground temperature had significant effects on the distribution of beetle populations in spring, explaining 34.3% of beetle population variation; soil coarse sand and medium and fine sand content affected summer The beetle population distribution has a significant effect, explaining 18.8% of the beetle population variation; the soil coarse sand content, underground daily average temperature and soil water content have a certain effect on the autumn beetle population distribution, explaining 17.1% of the beetle population variation.

Studies have shown that in arid Gobi desert ecosystems, the microhabitat conditions of shrub patches are important factors that determine the distribution, composition, and functional group diversity of desert beetle communities, but the distribution, composition, and functional groups of microhabitat factors on beetle communities are diverse There are obvious seasonal differences in the effects of sex. On the whole, the effects of the average daily surface temperature, underground average daily temperature and soil water content of the microhabitat on the distribution of beetle communities are most obvious in spring, followed by summer and weakest in autumn. Different beetle populations have different response patterns to microhabitat factors. The effects of different shrub patches on the distribution of beetle communities are significantly different.

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