National standard GB 18584-2001 detailed explanation

Published on December 12, 2010

2002-01-01 implementation

The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China

1 Scope

This standard specifies the limit requirements, test methods and inspection rules for hazardous substances in wood furniture products used indoors.

This standard applies to all types of wood furniture products used indoors.

2. Normative references

The terms in the following documents become the terms of this standard by reference to this standard. For dated references, subsequent Amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents are available. . For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard.

GB 6682-1992 Analytical laboratory water specifications and test methods (idt ISO 3696:1987)

Paints and varnishes -- Determination of lead content -- Part 1 : Determination of lead content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and disulfide gland spectrophotometry (idt SIO 3856.1:1984)

Paints and varnishes - Determination of cadmium content - Part 4: Determination of cadmium content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and polarographic method (idt ISO 3856.4:1984)

Glues -- Determination of the total content of chromium in liquids -- Part 6 : Determination of total chromium content in liquids of lacquers - Atomic absorption spectroscopy (idt ISO 3856.6:1984)

Glues -- Determination of mercury content of pigments and varnishes -- Part 7 : Determination of mercury content of pigments and water - s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s )

GB/T 17657-1999 Test method for physical and chemical properties of wood-based panels and veneered panels

3. Terms and definitions

This standard uses the following terms and definitions.

3.1 Formaldehyde emission

The wood-based panel test piece of furniture passed the 24h dryer method test specified in 4.12 of GB/T 17657-1999.

3.2 Soluble heavy metal content

The content of soluble lead, cadmium, chromium and mercury heavy metals measured by the test method specified in GB/T 9758-1988 in the paint surface coating of furniture.

4. Requirements

Wood furniture products shall meet the requirements for hazardous substances specified in Table 1.

Table 1 Restriction requirements for hazardous substances

Item limit value

Formaldehyde emission mg/L ≤1.5

Heavy metal content (color limit paint) mg/kg ≤90

Soluble lead ≤75

Soluble lead ≤60

Soluble lead ≤60

5. Test method

5.1 Determination of formaldehyde emission

5.1.1 Principle

The amount of formaldehyde released by the dryer method is based on the following two steps:

The first step: collecting formaldehyde - a crystallizing dish containing distilled water is placed at the bottom of the dryer, and a test piece is placed on the metal support fixed above it, and the released formaldehyde is absorbed by the distilled water as a sample solution.

Step 2: Determination of formaldehyde concentration - The absorbance of the sample solution was measured by a spectrophotometer, and the concentration of formaldehyde was determined from a previously drawn standard curve.

5.1.2 Instruments

5.1.2.1 Metal brackets.

5.1.2.2 Sink.

5.1.2.3 Spectrophotometer.

5.1.2.4 Balance

- a sensitivity of 0.01g;

- The sensitivity is 0.0001g.

5.1.2.5 Glassware

- iodine price bottle, 500ml;

- Single line pipette, 0.1ml, 2.0ml, 25ml, 50ml, 50ml, 100ml;

- brown acid burette, 50ml;

- brown basic burette, 50ml;

- measuring cylinder, 10ml, 50ml, 100ml, 250ml, 500ml;

- dryer, diameter 240m ² , volume (9-11) L;

- surface dish, diameter (120-150) m ² ;

- white volumetric flask, 100ml, 1000ml, 2000ml;

- brown volumetric flask, 1000ml;

- Stuffed flask, 50ml, 100ml;

- beaker, 100ml, 250ml, 500ml, 1000ml;

- brown bottle, 1000ml;

- Dropper bottle, 60ml;

- glass mortar, diameter (100-120) m ² ;

- Crystallization dish, diameter 120m ² , height 60m ² ;

5.1.2.6 Small mouth plastic bottle, 500ml, 1000ml.

5.1.3 Reagents

- potassium iodide (KI), analytically pure;

- potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) excellent grade pure;

- sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3•5H2O), analytically pure;

- mercury iodide (Hgl2), analytically pure;

- anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO2), analytically pure;

- sulfuric acid (H2SO4), ρ = 1.84g / ml, analytically pure;

- hydrochloric acid (HCL), ρ = 1.19 g / ml, analytically pure;

- sodium hydroxide (NaOH), analytically pure;

- iodine (I2), analytically pure;

- soluble starch, analytically pure;

- acetylacetone (CH3COCH2COCH3), excellent grade pure;

- ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4), excellent grade pure;

- Formaldehyde (CH2O) solution, concentration 35%-40%.

5.1.4 Preparation of test pieces

5.1.4.1 Sample sampling

The test piece shall be sampled on the factory qualified product that meets the test requirements. If several wood materials are used in the product, samples are taken on the parts of each material.

5.1.4.2 The test piece shall be prepared within 50 m ² of the edge of the furniture part.

5.1.4.3 Specimen specifications: length (150 ± 1) m ² , width (50 ± 1) m ² .

5.1.4.4 Number of test pieces

The total number of test pieces is 10. The ratio of each wood material to the area used in the product should be considered when preparing the test piece to determine the number of test pieces on each material part.

5.1.4.5 Sealing of test pieces

After the test piece is sawed, its end face should be closed immediately with paraffin wax or formaldehyde-free adhesive tape with a melting point of 65 °C. The number of edge seals on the end face of the test piece shall be at least 50 m ² for the original actual edge seal of the part - no edge seal.

5.1.4.6 Storage of test pieces

Test pieces should be prepared in the laboratory. After the test piece is prepared, the test should be started within 2 hours, otherwise the test piece should be remade.

5.1.5 Test procedure

5.1.5.1 Solution package

5.1.5.1.1 Sulfuric acid solution (1mol/L): For the preparation method, see 4.11.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.1.2 Sodium hydroxide solution (0.1mol/L): For the preparation method, see 4.11.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.1.3 Starch solution (1%): For the preparation method, see GB/T 17657-1999k 4.11.5.2.

5.1.5.1.4 Sodium thiosulfate standard solution (0.1mol/L): For the preparation method, see 4.11.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.1.5 Iodine standard solution (0.05mol/L): For the preparation method, see 4.11.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.1.6 Acetylacetone solution (volume fraction 0.4%): For the preparation method, see 4.11.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.2 Collection of formaldehyde

A crystal dish having a diameter of 120 m ² and a height of 60 m ^{2 was} placed at the bottom of a dryer having a diameter of 240 mm and dissolved at (9-11) L, and 300 ml of distilled water was placed in the crystallizing dish. Place a metal bracket on top of the dryer. The test piece is fixed on the metal bracket, and the test pieces are not in contact with each other. The measuring device was placed at (20 ± 2) ° C for 24 hours, and the distilled water absorbed the formaldehyde released from the test piece, and this solution was used as the liquid to be tested.

5.1.5.3 Quantitative method of formaldehyde concentration

10 mL of acetylacetone (volume fraction of 0.4%) and 10 mL of ammonium acetate solution (20% by mass) were weighed into a 50 mL stoppered Erlenmeyer flask, and 10 mL of the test solution was pipetted from the crystallizing dish into the flask. Plug the stopper, shake it, and then heat it in a water bath at (40 ± 2) °C for 15 min. Then let the yellow-green reaction solution stand in the dark and cool to room temperature (18 °C - 28 °C, approx. 1h). At 412 mm on the spectrophotometer, distilled water was used as a comparative solution to zero. The absorbance As of the reaction solution was measured with a cuvette having a thickness of 5 mm. At the same time, replace the reaction solution with distilled water for blank test, and determine the blank value as Ab.

5.1.5.4 Drawing of standard curve

The standard curve is drawn according to 4.11.5.5.2 of GB/T 17657-1999.

5.1.5.5 Result representation

5.1.5.5.1 The concentration of formaldehyde solution is calculated according to formula (1), accurate to 0.1mg/L

c=f×(As-Ab)............................................................(1)

In the formula:

C——formaldehyde concentration in milligrams per liter (mg/L);

F——the slope of the standard curve in milligrams per liter (mg/L);

As——the absorbance of the reaction solution;

Ab - the absorbance of distilled water.

5.2 Determination of soluble heavy metal content

5.2.1 Principle

The prepared coating powder is treated with a certain concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and the heavy metal element in the solution is determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry or flameless atomic absorption spectrometry.

5.2.2 Instruments

5.2.2.1 Stainless steel metal screen: 0.5m ² hole diameter.

5.2.2.2 Acidity meter: Accuracy is ±0.2pH units.

5.2.2.3 Filter: The pore size is 0.45 μm.

5.2.2.4 Magnetic stirrer: The outer layer of the stirrer shall be plastic or glass.

5.2.2.5 Single-scale pipette: 25ml.

5.2.2.6 White volumetric flask: 50ml.

5.2.2.7 Scraper: A tool with a sharp edge.

5.2.3 Reagents

The reagents used were of analytical grade, and the water used met the requirements of the third grade water in GB 6682-1992.

5.2.3.1 Hydrochloric acid solution

0.07 mol/L, 1 mol/L, 2 mol/L.

5.2.3.2 Nitric acid solution

The mass fraction is 65%-68%.

5.2.4 Preparation of coating powder

A suitable amount of the coating was scraped off with a doctor blade on the coated surface of the furniture product and pulverized by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature to allow it to pass through a 0.5 m ² metal screen to be treated.

5.2.5 Test procedure

5.2.5.1 Sample processing

Weigh 0.5g (accurate to 0.0001g) of the sieved powder sample, put it into a white volumetric flask, add 25mL of 0.7mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stir for 1min, determine its acidity. If the pH is greater than 1.5, shake it side by side. A hydrochloric acid solution having a concentration of 2 mol/L was introduced until the pH dropped to 1.0-1.5. The mixture was continuously stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and then allowed to stand for 1 hour, and then immediately filtered through a filter and stored in the dark.

Sample processing should be completed within 4 hours. If it can not be completed within 4h, it is necessary to add 25mL of 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to treat the sample. The treatment method is the same as above.

5.2.5.2 Determination of soluble heavy metals

5.2.5.2.1 Determination of soluble lead content shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 3 of GB/T 9758.1-1988.

5.2.5.2.2 The determination of the soluble content is carried out in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 3 of GB/T 9758.4-1988.

5.2.5.2.3 Determination of soluble chromium content according to GB/T 9758.6-1988.

5.2.5.2.4 Determination of soluble mercury content according to GB/T 9758.7-1988.

5.2.5.3 Calculation of results

The content of soluble heavy metals is calculated by the formula (2) to the nearest 0.1 mg/kg.

C=(a1-a0)×25×F/m

C——(lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury) soluble content, in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg);

A0 - 0.07mol or 1mol hydrochloric acid solution blank concentration, the unit is micrograms per milliliter (μg / ml);

A1——the concentration of the test solution (lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury) measured from the standard curve in micrograms per milliliter (μg/ml);

F——dilution factor;

25 - extracted hydrochloric acid solution in milliliters (ml);

m - the amount of sample weighed in grams (g).

6. Detection rules

6.1 All requirements listed in Chapter 4 of this standard are type inspection items.

6.1.1 At least once a year, type inspection is carried out under normal production conditions.

6.1.2 Type inspection should be carried out in one of the following cases:

—— When the new product is tested and formulated;

- When the production process and its raw materials have changed a lot;

—— After the product is discontinued for a long time, when the production is resumed;

- when the customer makes a request;

—— When the national quality supervision agency proposed.

6.2 Determination of test results

6.2.1 When the inspection results of all items meet the requirements specified in this standard, the product is judged to be qualified; if one of the inspection results does not meet the requirements of this standard, the product is judged to be unqualified.

6.2.2 If there is any objection to the inspection result, the re-inspection shall be carried out from the original sealed sample or in each sample. It shall be judged according to the provisions of 6.2.1, and the inspection report shall indicate “re-qualification” or “re-inspection”. qualified".

6.3 Inspection report

The inspection report should include the following:

6.3.1 The national standard number and name;

6.3.2 sample name and other instructions;

6.3.3 Test results and conclusions;

6.3.4 Abnormalities and other necessary explanations during the inspection process.

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