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Thermometer
First, the relationship between the temperature target size and the temperature measurement distance (the concept of optical resolution)? As can be seen from the figure below, the effective diameter D of the measurable target is different at different distances, so the target distance should be noted when measuring the small target. The distance coefficient K of the infrared thermometer is defined as the ratio of the distance L of the measured object to the diameter D of the measured object, that is, K=L/D. 2. How to select the emissivity of the measured substance? Infrared thermometers are generally indexed by blackbody (emissivity ε = 1.00), and in fact, the emissivity of the substance is less than 1.00. Therefore, when it is necessary to measure the true temperature of the target, the emissivity value must be set. The material emissivity can be found in the "data on the emissivity of objects in radiation temperature measurement". 3. How to measure the target in the background of strong light? If the target is brighter (especially exposed to sunlight or strong light), the accuracy of the measurement will be affected, so the object can block the strong light of the direct target to eliminate background light interference. Fourth, how to measure small targets? Aiming and focusing aiming: the small black dot in the eyepiece is the temperature measuring point, and the black point is used to align the measured target: the objective lens moves back and forth until the measured target is the clearest, if the measured target diameter is much larger than the black Dots can be used for precise focusing. For specific methods of focusing, please refer to the manual for measuring small targets. For the accuracy of measurement (1) Fix the thermometer on the tripod (optional accessory) (2) Need precise focusing, ie: align with small black dots in the eyepiece Target (the target should be filled with small black dots), adjust the lens back and forth, and the eyes are slightly shaken. If there is no relative motion between the measured black dots, the focus is completed. 5. Maximum, minimum, average, and difference How to use the value measurement function correctly? (1) Maximum function ------- For moving targets (such as steel plate and steel wire production), the surface condition of the measured object is different (such as steel plate in production, steel wire in some places, iron oxide, oxidation skin, etc.) ), use this function to obtain more accurate measurement (2) Minimum function ------- Especially suitable for measuring the target of flame heating, such as the production process (3) Average function ------- especially suitable for measurement Dissolving boiling metal liquid (4) Difference function ------- Sometimes, it may be very concerned about how much the measured temperature T is near a required temperature Tc (comparative temperature), this function is very convenient, then the instrument Display the difference: “T--Tc†6. How does the infrared thermometer work? Infrared thermometers receive invisible infrared energy emitted by a variety of objects themselves. Infrared radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes radio waves, microwaves, visible light, ultraviolet light, R-rays, and X-rays. The infrared is located between visible light and radio waves. The infrared wavelength is usually expressed in microns. The wavelength range is from 0.7 μm to 1000 μm. In fact, the 0.7 μm to 14 μm band is used for the infrared thermometer. 7. How to ensure the temperature of the infrared thermometer? Precision? The unobjectionable understanding of infrared technology and its principles is its precise temperature measurement. When the temperature is measured by the infrared thermometer, the infrared energy emitted by the measured object is converted into an electrical signal on the detector through the optical system of the infrared thermometer, and the temperature reading of the signal is displayed, and several decisions are accurately measured. The most important factors of temperature are the emissivity, the field of view, the distance to the spot and the position of the spot. Emissivity, all objects reflect, transmit, and emit energy, and only the emitted energy can indicate the temperature of the object. When the infrared thermometer measures the surface temperature, the instrument can receive all three of these energies. Therefore, all infrared thermometers must be adjusted to read only the emitted energy. Measurement errors are usually caused by infrared energy reflected by other sources. Some infrared thermometers can change the emissivity, and emissivity values ​​for a variety of materials can be found in published emissivity tables. Other instruments have a fixed emissivity of 0.95. The emissivity value is the surface temperature for most organic materials, paints or oxidized surfaces, and is compensated by applying a tape or flat black lacquer to the surface to be tested. When the tape or lacquer is brought to the same temperature as the substrate material, the temperature of the tape or lacquer surface is measured, ie, its true temperature. The distance from the spot to the spot, the optical system of the infrared thermometer collects energy from the circular measurement spot and focuses it on the detector. The optical resolution is defined as the ratio of the distance from the infrared thermometer to the object to the measured spot size (D :S). The larger the ratio, the better the resolution of the infrared thermometer and the smaller the size of the spot to be measured. Laser aiming is only used to help aim at the measurement point. The latest advancement in infrared optics is the addition of near-focus characteristics that provide accurate measurements of small target areas and prevent background temperature effects. The field of view ensures that the target is larger than the spot size measured by the infrared thermometer. The smaller the target, the closer it should be to it. When accuracy is especially important, make sure the target is at least 2 times the spot size. Eight, how to carry out infrared thermometer temperature measurement? In order to measure the temperature of the infrared thermometer, align the infrared thermometer with the object to be measured, and press the trigger to read the temperature data on the LCD of the instrument to ensure the ratio of the distance to the spot size and the field of view. There are several important things to keep in mind when using an infrared thermometer: 1. Only measure the surface temperature. The infrared thermometer cannot measure the internal temperature. 2, can not be measured by glass, glass has a very special reflection and transmission characteristics, accurate infrared temperature readings are not allowed. However, the temperature can be measured by the infrared window. Infrared thermometers are best not used for temperature measurement (stainless steel, aluminum, etc.) on shiny or polished metal surfaces. 3. Position the hotspot, to find the hot spot, the instrument aims at the target, and then scans the target up and down until the hot spot is determined. 4. Pay attention to environmental conditions: steam, dust, smoke, etc. It blocks the optical system of the instrument and affects accurate temperature measurement. 5. Ambient temperature. If the infrared thermometer is suddenly exposed to an ambient temperature difference of 20 degrees or higher, the instrument is allowed to adjust to the new ambient temperature within 20 minutes. 9. What are the most common infrared thermometer applications? Non-contact infrared thermometers have many applications, the most common of which are: 1. Automotive industry: diagnostic cylinders and heating/cooling systems. 2. HVAC: Monitor air stratification, supply/return recording, and furnace performance. 3. Electrical: Check for faulty transformers, electrical panels and connectors. 4. Food: Scanning management, service and storage temperature. 5. Others: Many projects, bases and transformation applications.